BEE VENOM TREATMENT FOR ATOPIC DERMATITIS (ECZEMA)
Eczema – is an inflammatory disorder of the skin detected by itchy, red and dry patches of skin. It is most common in people who have a lot of allergic reactions. Principally, it is the response of skin to any sort of external irritants that lead to eczema.
Beneficial Effects of Melittin on Ovalbumin-Induced Atopic Dermatitis in Mouse
Introduction
AD (atopic dermatitis) is defined as an inflammatory skin disease, which is characterized by relapsable eczematous lesions and intense pruritus. This disease increases the risk for mental disorders, other immune system-related diseases, allergic rhinitis, asthma, and food allergy. AD arises due to flaws in the immunoglobulin E and epidermal barrier mediated sensitization to different environmental allergens. While the immune disorder arises due to an imbalance generated towards the T-helper-2 response.
Even after a lengthy introspection of AD, the mechanism behind its evolution has not been clearly understood yet. But there are two different hypotheses, brought forward in this case. One states that primary disturbances, which already reside in the immunologic disorder, induce IgE mediated sensitization through epidermal barrier dysfunction due to local inflammation. Second states that, an intrinsic defect present in epithelial cells, leads to epidermal barrier dysfunction and immunological aspects arise due to barrier dysfunction.
Both of the hypothesis stated above, state some sort of defect in the immune system and epidermal barrier; it can be said that skin barrier function and immune system both interact closely. In the light of different clinical studies, bee venom therapy can help in targeting and improving the immune function and epidermal barrier at the same time.
Method and Results
AD was induced in the selected model mice. It was noticed that after receiving AD, their skin condition worsened as it leads to excoriation, erythema, and edema. These symptoms were controlled and removed once the selected group received melittin therapy. Melittin is an integral therapeutic constituent of bee venom.
H and E staining were carried out to determine inflammatory infiltration and thickness of dermis and epidermis. For this reason, 10 random fields were chosen. Thickness was measured perpendicularly and linearly to each specimen of skin. It was found that OVA stimulation enhanced inflammatory infiltration and that caused the skin of mouse to become thick. Whereas, the thickness of the skin in melittin induced group was quite thin than that of the OVA group.
Infiltration of the immune cells, like monocytes, dendritic cells, CD4+T helper cells, and macrophages, indicates a significant histopathological change in the AD. The macrophage-1 antigen also called the CD11b, expression was found on the surface of different leukocytes like macrophages, granulocytes, and monocytes. It was confirmed that OVA-induced infiltration of the immune cells and delivered the effect of melittin through immunohistochemical staining of CD11b and CD4. Expression of CD11b and CD4 in the upper skin was increased in the OVA group when compared with the NC group. OVA also induced expressions of CD11B and CD4 that were decreased in 100µk/kg-1 of the melittin group when compared with the OVA group.
Result
It can be said that OVA can play a prominent role in curtail AD type symptoms like thickening of dermis and epidermis, filaggrin deficiency, inflammatory infiltration, increased inflammatory mediators and exaggerated serum IgE. This study serves as evidence that melittin, under controlled concentration can lead to anti-inflammatory effects on the OVA-induced AD.
Source: Beneficial effects of melittin on ovalbumin-induced atopic dermatitis in mouse
Further reading:
Bee Venom Phospholipase A2 Alleviate House Dust Mite-Induced Atopic Dermatitis-Like Skin Lesions...
Bee venom acupuncture alleviates trimellitic anhydride-induced atopic dermatitis-like skin lesions in mice
Bee venom ameliorates compound 48/80-induced atopic dermatitis-related symptoms
Bee venom ameliorates compound 48/80-induced atopic dermatitis-related symptoms
Therapeutic effects of bee venom and its major component, melittin, on atopic dermatitis in vivo and in vitro
Therapeutic effects of bee venom on experimental atopic dermatitis
Beneficial Effects of Melittin on Ovalbumin-Induced Atopic Dermatitis in Mouse
Introduction
AD (atopic dermatitis) is defined as an inflammatory skin disease, which is characterized by relapsable eczematous lesions and intense pruritus. This disease increases the risk for mental disorders, other immune system-related diseases, allergic rhinitis, asthma, and food allergy. AD arises due to flaws in the immunoglobulin E and epidermal barrier mediated sensitization to different environmental allergens. While the immune disorder arises due to an imbalance generated towards the T-helper-2 response.
Even after a lengthy introspection of AD, the mechanism behind its evolution has not been clearly understood yet. But there are two different hypotheses, brought forward in this case. One states that primary disturbances, which already reside in the immunologic disorder, induce IgE mediated sensitization through epidermal barrier dysfunction due to local inflammation. Second states that, an intrinsic defect present in epithelial cells, leads to epidermal barrier dysfunction and immunological aspects arise due to barrier dysfunction.
Both of the hypothesis stated above, state some sort of defect in the immune system and epidermal barrier; it can be said that skin barrier function and immune system both interact closely. In the light of different clinical studies, bee venom therapy can help in targeting and improving the immune function and epidermal barrier at the same time.
Method and Results
AD was induced in the selected model mice. It was noticed that after receiving AD, their skin condition worsened as it leads to excoriation, erythema, and edema. These symptoms were controlled and removed once the selected group received melittin therapy. Melittin is an integral therapeutic constituent of bee venom.
H and E staining were carried out to determine inflammatory infiltration and thickness of dermis and epidermis. For this reason, 10 random fields were chosen. Thickness was measured perpendicularly and linearly to each specimen of skin. It was found that OVA stimulation enhanced inflammatory infiltration and that caused the skin of mouse to become thick. Whereas, the thickness of the skin in melittin induced group was quite thin than that of the OVA group.
Infiltration of the immune cells, like monocytes, dendritic cells, CD4+T helper cells, and macrophages, indicates a significant histopathological change in the AD. The macrophage-1 antigen also called the CD11b, expression was found on the surface of different leukocytes like macrophages, granulocytes, and monocytes. It was confirmed that OVA-induced infiltration of the immune cells and delivered the effect of melittin through immunohistochemical staining of CD11b and CD4. Expression of CD11b and CD4 in the upper skin was increased in the OVA group when compared with the NC group. OVA also induced expressions of CD11B and CD4 that were decreased in 100µk/kg-1 of the melittin group when compared with the OVA group.
Result
It can be said that OVA can play a prominent role in curtail AD type symptoms like thickening of dermis and epidermis, filaggrin deficiency, inflammatory infiltration, increased inflammatory mediators and exaggerated serum IgE. This study serves as evidence that melittin, under controlled concentration can lead to anti-inflammatory effects on the OVA-induced AD.
Source: Beneficial effects of melittin on ovalbumin-induced atopic dermatitis in mouse
Further reading:
Bee Venom Phospholipase A2 Alleviate House Dust Mite-Induced Atopic Dermatitis-Like Skin Lesions...
Bee venom acupuncture alleviates trimellitic anhydride-induced atopic dermatitis-like skin lesions in mice
Bee venom ameliorates compound 48/80-induced atopic dermatitis-related symptoms
Bee venom ameliorates compound 48/80-induced atopic dermatitis-related symptoms
Therapeutic effects of bee venom and its major component, melittin, on atopic dermatitis in vivo and in vitro
Therapeutic effects of bee venom on experimental atopic dermatitis
